Optimasi HPMC dan Carbopol sebagai Polimer dalam Sediaan Tablet Floating Sari Buah Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava L.)
Optimization of HPMC and Carbopol as Polymers in Floating Tablets of Red Guava Juice (Psidium guajava L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v8i2.2586Abstract
Red guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a plant rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and vitamin C, which possess antioxidant activity and potential as a therapy for gastric ulcers. One of the innovative dosage forms to enhance therapeutic effectiveness is the floating tablet. This study aimed to develop and optimize a floating tablet formulation from red guava juice using a combination of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and carbopol as matrix polymers for controlled drug release. Optimization was carried out using the Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method, with evaluations including granule physical properties (compressibility) and tablet quality tests (weight uniformity, hardness, friability, floating lag time, and total floating duration). Verification of the optimum formula was performed using a one-sample t-test. The optimization results showed the optimum formula with HPMC 49,72 mg and Carbopol 10,27 mg, with a desirability value of 0,598. The physical properties test results showed a floating-lag time of 1,66±0,24 seconds, total floating duration of 9,69±0,00 hours, weight uniformity (CV) of 2,22±0,270 %, tablet hardness of 4,18±0,41 kg, and friability of 0,39±0,19%. Verification results indicated no significant difference between predicted and actual values, confirming the validity of the optimization model. It can be concluded that the combination of HPMC and Carbopol as polymers in the formulation of floating tablets of red guava juice shows potential to be further developed as an oral dosage form with a modified release system.
Keywords: Psidium guajava L., floating tablet, HPMC, Carbopol, optimization
Abstrak
Jambu biji merah (Psidium guajava L.) adalah tumbuhan kaya akan senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid dan vitamin C yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan berpotensi digunakan sebagai terapi tukak lambung. Salah satu bentuk inovasi sediaan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas terapi adalah tablet floating. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengoptimalkan formula tablet floating dari sari buah jambu biji merah dengan kombinasi polimer Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) dan Carbopol sebagai matriks pengontrol pelepasan obat. Proses optimasi dilakukan menggunakan metode Simplex Lattice Design (SLD), dan evaluasi meliputi uji sifat fisik granul (kompresibilitas) serta uji mutu tablet (kekerasan, total waktu mengapung kerapuhan, keseragaman bobot, dan floating lag time). Verifikasi formula optimum dengan menggunakan uji one sample t-test. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa formula optimum dengan perbandingan HPMC 49,72mg dan Carbopol 10,27mg dengan nilai desirability 0,598. Hasil uji sifat fisik tablet dengan floating lag time 1,66±0,24 detik, total waktu floating 9,69±0,00 jam, keseragaman bobot (CV) 2,22±0,270%, kekerasan tablet 4,18±0,41 kg, dan kerapuhan 0,39±0,19%. Hasil verifikasi menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara nilai prediksi dan aktual, menandakan model optimasi valid. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi HPMC dan Carbopol sebagai polimer dalam formulasi tablet floating sari buah jambu biji merah, serta berpotensi dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai sediaan oral dengan sistem pelepasan termodifikasi.
Kata Kunci: Psidium guajava L., tablet floating, HPMC, Carbopol, optimasi
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