Ekstrak Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) dengan Variasi Metode Ekstraksi sebagai Penangkal Radikal Bebas ABTS
Kenikir Leaf Extract (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) with Variations in Extraction Methods as an Antidote to Free Radicals ABTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v7i4.2448Abstract
Cosmos caudatus Kunth. is a plant that has secondary metabolites that are antioxidant. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of kenikir leaves which was extracted using a variety of extraction methods with the radical antidote ABTS. Samples of kenikir leaves were processed until they became simple and then extracted using three methods, namely maceration, percolation and digestion. The extracts obtained were subjected to phytochemical screening and the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of kenikir leaves was tested using UV-Vis spectrophotometry using the ABTS method (2,2 azinobis (3-ethylbenzothyiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). In testing the antioxidant activity of kenikir leaves, the results showed that the extract using the maceration method had antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 166,962 µg/mL, the extract using the digestion method IC50 84,117 µg/mL and the ethanol percolation extract of kenikir leaves 113,901 µg/mL, with quarcetin. as a positive control with an IC50 of 90.566 µg/mL. This study concluded that extracts with a variety of extraction methods had antioxidant activity, namely digestion (strong), percolation (medium), and maceration (weak).
Keywords: Cosmos caudatus Kunth., extraction, antioxidant, ABTS
Abstrak
Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki metabolit sekunder yang bersifat antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol daun kenikir yang diekstraksi menggunakan variasi metode ekstraksi dengan penangkal radikal ABTS. Sampel daun kenikir diolah hingga menjadi simplisia kemudian dilakukan ekstraksi dengan tiga metode yaitu maserasi, perkolasi dan digesti. Ekstrak yang diperoleh dilakukan skrining fitokimia dan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun kenikir dilakukan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis dengan menggunakan metode ABTS (2,2 azinobis (3-ethylbenzothyiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan daun kenikir diperoleh hasil bahwa ekstrak dengan metode maserasi memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan IC50 166,962 µg/mL, ekstrak metode digesti IC50 84,117 µg/mL dan ekstrak perkolasi etanol daun kenikir 113,901 µg/mL, dengan kuarsetin sebagai kontrol positif dengan IC50 90,566 µg/mL. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak dengan variasi metode ekstraksi memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yaitu digesti (kuat), perkolasi (sedang), dan maserasi (lemah).
Kata Kunci: Kenikir, eksraksi, antioksidan, ABTS
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