Profil Pengetahuan Data Kesehatan Dasar: Studi Deskriptif Mengenai Golongan Darah dan Hemoglobin pada Kelompok Usia Dewasa Muda
Basic Health Data Knowledge: A Descriptive Study of Blood Groups and Hemoglobin in Young Adults
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v8i2.2630Abstract
Blood type and hemoglobin (Hb) levels constitute essential basic health data that play a critical role in health screening, emergency medical management, and individual readiness for blood donation. Among university students, the availability and understanding of these basic health data remain challenging due to suboptimal levels of knowledge and limited screening history. This study aimed to analyze students’ knowledge levels regarding blood type and hemoglobin levels as basic health data and to explore their implications for personal health awareness and potential participation as blood donors. This research employed a descriptive observational design with randome sampling involving 143 students. Data were collected using a questionnaire to assess students’ knowledge levels and screening history related to blood type and hemoglobin levels. The results showed that 28% of students were unaware of their blood type, while approximately 77% had never known their hemoglobin levels. These findings indicate limited knowledge and screening history of basic health data, rather than reflecting clinically low hemoglobin levels. Overall, approximately two-thirds of students were aware of their blood type. The low level of knowledge regarding blood type and particularly hemoglobin levels reflect insufficient health screening awareness among young adults. Inadequate monitoring of hemoglobin levels may result in undetected anemia, potentially affecting health status and academic performance. Furthermore, limited knowledge of these health parameters may reduce students’ readiness to serve as potential blood donors. The availability of students’ basic health data related to blood type and hemoglobin levels remains suboptimal, highlighting the need for continuous health education and routine health screening programs within the university setting.
Keywords: blood type; hemoglobin; knowledge; basic health data; university students
Golongan darah dan kadar hemoglobin (Hb) merupakan data kesehatan dasar yang berperan penting dalam skrining kesehatan, penanganan kegawatdaruratan medis, serta kesiapan individu sebagai pendonor darah. Pada kelompok mahasiswa, ketersediaan dan pemahaman terhadap data kesehatan dasar ini masih menjadi tantangan karena tingkat pengetahuan dan riwayat pemeriksaan yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa mengenai golongan darah dan kadar hemoglobin sebagai data kesehatan dasar serta implikasinya terhadap kesadaran kesehatan pribadi dan potensi keterlibatan sebagai pendonor darah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional deskriptif dengan random sampling yang melibatkan 143 mahasiswa Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner untuk menilai tingkat pengetahuan dan riwayat pemeriksaan golongan darah serta kadar hemoglobin. Sebanyak 28% mahasiswa belum mengetahui golongan darahnya, sementara sekitar 77% mahasiswa belum pernah mengetahui kadar hemoglobinnya. Temuan ini menunjukkan rendahnya pengetahuan dan riwayat pemeriksaan terhadap data kesehatan dasar, bukan mencerminkan kondisi klinis kadar hemoglobin yang rendah. Secara umum, sekitar dua pertiga mahasiswa telah mengetahui golongan darahnya. Rendahnya pengetahuan mahasiswa terhadap golongan darah dan terutama kadar hemoglobin mencerminkan rendahnya kesadaran skrining kesehatan pada kelompok usia dewasa muda. Kurangnya pemantauan kadar hemoglobin berpotensi menyebabkan kondisi anemia tidak terdeteksi serta berdampak pada kesehatan dan performa akademik. Selain itu, keterbatasan pengetahuan ini juga memengaruhi kesiapan mahasiswa sebagai calon pendonor darah. Ketersediaan data kesehatan dasar mahasiswa terkait golongan darah dan kadar hemoglobin masih belum optimal, sehingga diperlukan edukasi dan skrining kesehatan berkelanjutan di lingkungan perguruan tinggi.
Kata Kunci: golongan darah; hemoglobin; pengetahuan; data kesehatan dasar; mahasiswa
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