Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Serai (Cymbopogon citratus) sebagai Antibakteri Karies Gigi
Potential of Lemongrass Rhizomes Ethanol Extract (Cymbopogon citratus) as an Antibacterial for Dental Caries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v6i4.2311Abstract
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) known as traditional plant that has potential as a medicinal plant. This study aims to analyze the secondary metabolite of lemongrass rhizomes and its potential as antibacterials for dental caries. Maceration was carried out using ethanol solvent, known as polar solvent. The phytochemical screening was evaluated by qualitative test methods. Antibacterial activity was examined using agar well diffusion method against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. The results of phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol extract of lemongrass rhizomes (Cymbopogon citratus) contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenoids. Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of lemongrass rhizomes (Cymbopogon citratus) showed potential activity to inhibit the Streptococcus mutans growth with 8-14 mm and Streptococcus sobrinus growth with 11-16 mm at range of concentration 3-50 µg/well. Based on the results, the ethanol extract of lemongrass rhizomes (Cymbopogon citratus) display potential as antibacterial agent of dental caries.
Keywords: antibacterial, Cymbopogon citratus, phytochemicals, dental caries
Abstrak
Tumbuhan serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus) merupakan salah satu jenis tumbuhan tradisional yang berpotensi sebagai tumbuhan obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder rimpang serai dapur dan potensinya sebagai antibakteri karies gigi. Maserasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol yang merupakan jenis pelarut polar. Pengujian kandungan metabolit sekunder tumbuhan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar sumuran terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Streptococcus sobrinus. Hasil analisis fitokimia menunjukkan ekstrak etanol rimpang serai dapur mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin dan triterpenoid. Hasil pengujian antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol rimpang serai dapur memiliki potensi menghambat bakteri Streptococcus mutans dengan zona penghambatan sebesar 8-14 mm dan Streptococcus sobrinus dengan zona penghambatan sebesar 11-16 mm pada konsentrasi 3-50 µg/well. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, ekstrak etanol rimpang serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus) memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai antibakteri karies gigi alami.
Kata Kunci: antibakteri, Cymbopogon citratus, fitokimia, karies gigi
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