Kajian Potensi Interaksi Obat pada Resep Pasien Hipertensi di Apotek X Kota Jambi Periode Juni-Juli Tahun 2023
Study of Potential Drug Interactions in Prescription of Hypertensive Patients at Apotek X Jambi City for the Period June-July 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v6i4.2214Abstract
Hypertensive patients have the potential to experience drug interactions due to the use of combination therapy and also the presence of comorbidities. Drug interactions can lead to reduced therapeutic effects, increased drug side effects and even increased toxicity that can affect the patient's clinical condition. The purpose of this study was to see the potential drug interactions contained in the prescription of hypertensive patients at Apotex X Jambi City. The design of this study is descriptive non-experimental, data taken prospectively with a cross-sectional approach with consecutive sampling method. Data collection in the form of prescriptions for hypertensive patients at Apotek X Jambi City was carried out in June-July 2023, with 74 samples obtained. The results of the analysis using the drugs.com instrument, Medscape and Stockley's drug interactions showed that 57 prescriptions (78.1%) experienced drug interactions and 17 prescriptions (22.9%) did not interact. The severity of major drug interactions was 18 cases (10.0%) moderate with 116 cases (64.4%) and minor 46 cases (25.6%). The interaction mechanism occurred pharmacokinetically as many as 60 cases (33.3%), pharmacodynamics 115 cases (63.9%) and unknown 5 cases (2.8%). The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the number of drug items used and the potential occurrence of drug interactions with a p-value of 0.014 and there was no significant relationship between the number of drug items and the severity of drug interactions with a p-value of 0.222.
Keywords: Drug Interactions, Hypertension, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
Abstrak
Pasien hipertensi berpotensi untuk mengalami interaksi obat karena penggunaan terapi kombinasi dan juga adanya penyakit penyerta. Interaksi obat dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya efek terapi, meningkatnya efek samping obat bahkan meningkatnya toksisitas yang dapat mempengaruhi kondisi klinispasien. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat potensi interaksi obat yang terdapat pada resep pasien hipertensi pada Apotex X Kota Jambi. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif non-experimental, data diambil secara prospektif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dengan metode consecutive sampling. Pengumpulan data berupa resep pasien hipertensi di Apotek X Kota Jambi dilakukan pada bulan Juni-Juli tahun 2023 diperoleh sampel sebanyak 74. Hasil analisis menggunakan instrument drugs.com, Medscape dan Stockley’s drug interactions terdapat 57 resep (78,1%) mengalami interaksi obat dan 17 resep (22,9%) tidak berinteraksi. Tingkat keparahan interaksi obat mayor sebanyak 18 kasus (10,0%) moderat dengan jumlah kasus 116 (64,4%) dan minor 46 kasus (25,6%). Mekanisme interaksi terjadi secara farmakokinetik sebanyak 60 kasus (33,3%), farmakodinamik 115 kasus (63,9%) dan tidak diketahui 5 kasus (2,8%). Uji chi-square menunjukan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jumlah item obat yang digunakan dengan potensi kejadian interaksi obat dengan p-value 0,014 dan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jumlah item obat dengan tingkat keparahan interaksi obat dengan p-value 0,222.
Kata Kunci: Interaksi Obat, Hipertensi, Farmakokinetik dan Farmakodinamik
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